Touristic Information
About Sardinia
Geography
Sardinia is the second largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, with an area of 24,100 sq. km (9,305 sq miles). It is situated west of the Italian Peninsula, surrounded by the Tyrrhenian Sea to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south and east, and the Strait of Bonifacio to the north, separating it from the French island of Corsica. Sardinia’s coastline stretches for 1,849 kilometers (1,149 miles). They are often high and rocky, with long and relatively straight lengths of coastline, many notable headlands, a few broad, deep bays, rias, and numerous inlets, as well as a few smaller islands off the coast. The mountain ranges and plateaus of the island are separated by large alluvial valleys and flatlands, the main ones including the Campidano in the southwest, situated between Oristano and Cagliari, and the Nurra in the northwest. It has some major rivers, Tirso, being the largest one which is 151 kilometers (94 miles) long and flows into the Sea of Sardinia, followed by Coghinas spanning 115 kilometers (71 miles) and Flumendosa, covering 127 kilometers (79 miles). There are 54 artificial lakes and dams that provide water and energy.
Demography
Sardinia is Italy’s fourth-least populous region, with a population density of 69/km2. With the rise of seaside tourism, Sardinia’s major urban centers are located near the coasts, while the island’s interior is sparsely populated. It is divided into four provinces and a metropolitan city. Cagliari is the capital and largest city of Sardinia. It is the world’s first Blue Zone, a demographic area with an unusually high number of centenarians and supercentenarians. The widely spoken language is Italian, followed by the island’s indigenous language, Sardinian (Sardu).
History
Sardinia is among Europe’s most geologically ancient land masses. Humans started to live here at the end of the Paleolithic period, approximately 20-10,000 years ago. The prominent civilization flourished here from the 18th century BC until either 238 BC or the 2nd century AD in specific regions. During the ruling alliance period of the Nuragic Sardinians and the Phoenicians, some parts of islands were conquered by Carthage, and then later by Rome in 238 BC, which lasted for 700 years. In 1324, the Iberian Crown of Aragon took control of this island and consolidated it into the Kingdom of Sardinia. This Iberian kingdom lasted until 1718, when it was surrendered to the Alpine House of Savoy, the Savoyards expanded it to include the whole Italian peninsula and renamed it to “Kingdom of Italy” in 1861, and further in 1946 it was reconstituted as the present day “Italian republic”.
Symbols
The flag of Sardinia was defined in the Medieval period, around the 14th century, during the Aragonese domination of Sardinia. It is said to have been inspired by the coat of arms of the King of Aragon, which depicted a golden shield with four Moorish heads. These four Moorish heads represent defeated enemies, and also reflect the island’s complex history and the spirit of its people. Over the centuries, the design of the flag underwent some modifications, with variations in the depiction of the Moors’ heads and the inclusion of other elements. The current version of the Sardinian flag was officially adopted on January 5, 1952. It became the official flag of the Autonomous Region of Sardinia after the region was granted special autonomy within Italy.
Climate
Sardinia has a Mediterranean climate, characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. Summers in Sardinia are typically hot and dry, during the month of June to September temperature ranges from 28 to 34 degrees Celsius. The major concentration of rainfall is in the winter and autumn. Winters in Sardinia are mild compared to many continental climates, during the month of December to February temperature ranges from 12 to 16 degrees Celsius. The sea around Sardinia remains relatively warm, making it suitable for swimming and water activities from late spring through early autumn. Sardinia’s climate makes it a popular destination for those seeking both sun-drenched summers and milder winters.
Food and Drink
Sardinian cuisine is characterized by its rich and diverse flavors, reflecting the island’s history, geography, and agricultural traditions. Meat, dairy items, cereals and vegetables, and also seafood to some extent are the most basic components of the traditional Sardinian diet. One of the most famous foods is Pane Carasau, Sardinian flat bread, famous for its thin and crispy texture. Another popular product is Pecorino cheese, made from sheep’s milk and comes in a variety of distinct flavors. Sardinian pasta takes center stage with dishes like Culurgiones, delectable pasta dumplings filled with potato, pecorino cheese, and mint, often served with flavorful tomato-based sauces. Seadas, the fried pastries filled with fresh cheese and honey, resembles Mediterranean and Middle Eastern culinary legacies. Among alcoholic beverages, beer is the most popular one. Sardinia has the highest per capita beer consumption in Italy. Birra Ichnusa is the most commercialized Sardinian beer. One popular Sardinian ice cream is Mirto gelato, inspired by the island’s traditional liqueur made from myrtle berries. These distinct flavors offer a taste that captures the essence of the local landscape.
About Cagliari
City Overview
Cagliari, a city with centuries of history, is situated on the southern coast of the island of Sardinia. It is known for its rich cultural heritage and played a significant role in the Mediterranean region. This city, often referred to as Casteddu by locals, is the capital and largest city of Sardinia.
Cagliari has evolved into a vibrant and modern metropolis, with its infrastructure undergoing continuous improvement across various aspects, enhancing the quality of life, and education. The city’s charm is further enhanced by its coastal setting with approximately 8 miles of sandy beaches and crystal-clear waters, offering picturesque views and a pleasant ambiance. The shoreline is adorned with a mix of historical sites, contemporary hotels, bars, and cafes, creating an inviting atmosphere for both locals and visitors.
In recent years, Cagliari has emerged as a prominent center for offshore companies reflecting its growing influence in the business and financial sectors. The city has strategically positioned itself as an important hub in the Mediterranean, encouraging economic growth and global trade.
Top Landmarks
Spiaggia Poetto (Poetto Beach). Poetto Beach is an iconic and vibrant coastal destination in Cagliari, known for its golden sands, crystal-clear water, and lively atmosphere. It stretches for about 8 km, from Sella del Diavolo up to the coastline of Quartu Sant’Elena. The beach is easily accessible from the city center, providing a convenient escape for those seeking sun, sea, and leisure. The sandy shores of Poetto are perfect for sunbathing and water activities, making it a hub of recreational opportunities. The beach is a popular venue for various events and festivals.
Bastione di Saint Remy (Bastion of Saint Remy). Bastion of Saint Remy is situated in the heart of Cagliari and is testament to the city’s historical richness and cultural heritage. It is a bastion-style terrace constructed in the late 19th century for surveillance of the surrounding area. Beyond its cultural and historical significance, the Bastione is a perfect spot to view the city and the Mediterranean Sea. The breathtaking views from the terrace make it an ideal location for both tourists seeking a panoramic photo opportunity and locals looking for a peaceful retreat in the city.
Basilica di N.S. Bonaria (Basilica of Bonaria). The Sanctuary and Basilica of Bonaria is a sacred and adorable landmark in Cagliari, representing centuries of religious devotion and cultural significance. This sanctuary is on top of the Bonaria hill and is dedicated to Sardinia’s patron saint, Lady of Bonaria. Visitors and pilgrims are attracted to it not only for its religious significance, but also for the panoramic views it offers. The sanctuary has become a symbol of hope and devotion, attracting people from all walks of life despite religious differences.
Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Cagliari (National Archaeological Museum of Cagliari). The National Archaeological Museum of Cagliari is a particularly interesting sight for art and history lovers. This museum exhibits Sardinia’s rich archaeological heritage and encompasses artifacts from different periods, offering a comprehensive understanding of the island’s cultural evolution.
Parco di Monte Urpinu (Monte Urpinu Park). Mount Urpinu Park is situated near the center of the city and offers a lush environment for relaxation and recreation. This is not only a place for flora but also a habitat for various bird species, making it an ideal destination for bird lovers.
Sella del Diavolo (Devil’s Saddle). The Devil’s Saddle is a popular destination for hiking and nature lovers. The name “Devil’s Saddle” is interesting as it is taken from the unique shape of the promontory, which is said to resemble a saddle. It offers amazing views of the Mediterranean Sea, and Cagliari city.
